Quasi-Standardized Script Signs Appear on Over 4,000 Indus Artifacts

More than 4,000 inscribed artifacts show repeated sign patterns that hint at structured communication across the Indus world.

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The number of distinct Indus script signs is estimated at around 400, though the exact count varies by classification.

Archaeologists have documented over 4,000 objects bearing Indus script inscriptions. These artifacts include seals, pottery fragments, tablets, and copper plates. The inscriptions are generally brief, often containing fewer than ten symbols. Sign repetition across distant sites suggests shared symbolic conventions. The script flourished during the Mature Harappan phase between 2600 and 1900 BCE. Despite numerous decipherment attempts, no consensus translation exists. Statistical analysis reveals structured sign ordering rather than random placement. The brevity of texts complicates linguistic reconstruction. Writing remains visible but unread.

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Systemically, widespread sign standardization implies administrative or commercial coordination. Repeated symbols likely conveyed ownership, identity, or commodity type. The inability to decode limits understanding of governance mechanisms. Nevertheless, distribution demonstrates cultural coherence across large territory. Script uniformity suggests regulated communication practices. Symbol repetition reinforced shared norms. Civilization communicated through compact code.

For ancient users, these signs conveyed precise meaning without ambiguity. Craftspeople carved them with deliberate care. Merchants relied on recognition rather than explanation. Today, scholars analyze patterns without hearing their original voice. The silence of the script magnifies its intrigue. Communication survived physically but not semantically. Symbols endure without translation.

Source

Encyclopaedia Britannica - Indus script

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