Quarrying of Rohri Hills Chert Supplied Harappan Tool Production

Harappan craftsmen extracted high-quality chert from the Rohri Hills to mass-produce standardized stone tools across their civilization.

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Archaeologists have described the Rohri Hills as one of the largest prehistoric flint quarry complexes in South Asia.

The Rohri Hills in present-day Sindh contain extensive chert deposits that were heavily exploited during the Harappan period. Archaeological surveys have identified ancient quarry pits and workshop debris across the hills. The extracted chert was used to manufacture blades, drills, and other tools distributed across Indus settlements. Standardized blade production suggests organized extraction and shaping processes. The material traveled hundreds of kilometers to major cities such as Mohenjo-daro and Harappa. Evidence indicates both local workshops and centralized redistribution. Tool uniformity implies regulated craft specialization. Resource zones were integrated into urban economies. Quarry landscapes reveal industrial scale.

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Systemically, Rohri Hills quarrying demonstrates logistical coordination between rural extraction zones and urban demand centers. Tool production required trained specialists and consistent supply chains. Distribution across vast territory reflects economic integration. Resource management strengthened technological capacity. The scale of quarrying suggests planning rather than sporadic use. Industrial activity extended beyond city walls. Material flow reinforced connectivity.

For quarry workers, extraction involved repetitive labor under exposed conditions. Craftspeople downstream shaped raw nodules into refined implements. Farmers and builders relied on sharp tools for productivity. The path from quarry to workshop linked distant communities. Generations interacted indirectly through shared material culture. Stone connected labor across landscapes. Tools shaped civilization.

Source

Encyclopaedia Britannica - Indus civilization

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