Lothal Dockyard Structure Dates to Around 2400 BCE

Around 2400 BCE, the Harappan settlement of Lothal constructed a large brick basin interpreted as one of the world's earliest dockyards.

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Lothal also yielded one of the earliest known examples of a bead-making workshop in South Asia.

Lothal, located in present-day Gujarat, was a coastal Harappan site connected to the Arabian Sea via ancient waterways. Excavations revealed a massive trapezoidal brick structure measuring approximately 218 meters long and 37 meters wide. Archaeologists have interpreted this basin as a dockyard used for maritime trade. The structure included inlet channels likely designed to manage tidal flow. Its construction dates to the Mature Harappan phase. The basin's orientation suggests awareness of local hydrology and seasonal variation. Adjacent warehouses indicate organized storage of goods. The scale implies integration into long-distance trade networks. Maritime infrastructure expanded economic reach.

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Economically, a functional dockyard would have facilitated trade with Mesopotamia and Gulf regions. Organized shipping required standardized weights and administrative oversight. Coastal infrastructure diversified commercial strategy beyond riverine routes. Maritime access enhanced political leverage. The investment reflects technical understanding of tides and sedimentation. Trade networks strengthened interregional connectivity. Harbor engineering supported prosperity.

For merchants, Lothal offered a controlled point of loading and unloading cargo. Sailors navigated tidal patterns coordinated with basin design. Warehouse workers managed goods destined for distant markets. Coastal residents experienced seasonal rhythms tied to maritime cycles. The dockyard symbolized outward orientation. Ocean access expanded imagination beyond the river. Trade moved toward horizon.

Source

Encyclopaedia Britannica - Lothal

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