Rift Valley Highlands Hold Over Half of Remaining Ethiopian Wolves

More than half of the world’s population survives in one mountain complex.

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Bale Mountains National Park is considered the largest remaining stronghold for Ethiopian wolves.

The Bale Mountains in Ethiopia’s Rift Valley highlands host more than half of the remaining Ethiopian wolf population. Concentrating such a large proportion of a species within a single geographic region creates strategic vulnerability. Disease outbreaks or ecological disruptions in this area could affect the global population disproportionately. Conservation resources are therefore heavily focused on this mountain complex. Monitoring programs track pack numbers, vaccination coverage, and prey density. While Bale represents a stronghold, it also embodies risk concentration. A species reduced to a few core refuges faces systemic fragility. Geographic centralization amplifies potential shock.

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From a risk management perspective, concentration increases exposure. Diversified populations across multiple regions would buffer against localized catastrophe. In the Ethiopian wolf’s case, fragmentation outside Bale limits such diversification. Investment in peripheral populations aims to reduce reliance on a single stronghold. Strategic planning must anticipate worst-case scenarios including simultaneous disease and climate events. The wolf’s survival architecture resembles a structure supported by one dominant pillar.

For visitors to Bale’s Afroalpine plains, the sight of multiple packs can create a sense of security. Yet this apparent abundance masks global scarcity. Knowing that more than half of all remaining individuals occupy one landscape shifts perception from spectacle to responsibility. If this stronghold falters, recovery options narrow rapidly. A predator once distributed across broader highlands now rests heavily on a single mountainous refuge. Survival has become geographically concentrated hope.

Source

IUCN Red List – Distribution and Population

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