Xylophagous Insect Outbreaks Can Follow Logging and Alter Orangutan Food Trees

After logging, wood-boring insects can change entire forest compositions.

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Xylophagous insects feed on wood and can proliferate in stressed forests.

Disturbed forests are more susceptible to outbreaks of xylophagous, or wood-eating, insects. Logging stress weakens trees, making them vulnerable to infestation. Increased insect damage can alter species composition over time. If key fruiting trees decline, Bornean orangutans lose critical food sources. Ecological imbalance triggered by disturbance cascades through trophic levels. Healthy intact forests typically regulate insect populations naturally. Anthropogenic disruption shifts these balances.

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Secondary ecological effects may unfold years after initial logging. A forest may appear regenerated while underlying species composition shifts subtly. Reduced fruit tree abundance affects feeding circuits and reproduction. Complex ecosystems unravel through indirect pathways. The consequences of disturbance extend beyond visible canopy gaps.

Maintaining ecological integrity reduces vulnerability to pest outbreaks. Monitoring forest health after logging is essential to detect cascading impacts. Conservation planning must account for indirect ecological responses. Protecting biodiversity stabilizes food webs. Intact systems are more resilient against biological imbalance.

Source

Proceedings of the Royal Society B

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