The Moon lacks atmosphere and weather. Meteoroids strike the surface unimpeded. Even tiny grains hit at extreme speeds. Larger impacts carve visible craters. Over billions of years, the surface recorded them all. Earth erases most impact evidence. The Moon keeps receipts.
This matters because the Moon is a record keeper. Craters reveal solar system history. Impact rates tell us about asteroid populations.
It also helps assess future risk. Studying impacts improves planetary defense planning. The Moon is a warning system.
The Moon gets hit by about 100 tons of material every day. Most of it is microscopic dust.
NASA [nasa.gov]