Elephants coat themselves in mud to protect their skin from sunburn and insects. The dried mud forms a physical barrier against biting flies. Mud baths also help moisturize and heal skin. Elephants choose specific mud types depending on need. This behavior is intentional self-care.
It matters because skin health is critical for temperature regulation. Damage can lead to infection or overheating.
It also shows elephants actively manage their own health. They don’t rely on chance.
Some mud contains antibacterial properties. Elephants have been seen reapplying mud to injured areas.
National Park Service (nps.gov)