Elephants are one of the few species proven to pass the mirror self-recognition test. Instead of reacting aggressively, they use the mirror to inspect their own bodies. Some have been observed touching marks placed on their heads after seeing them in the reflection. This behavior indicates self-awareness, a cognitive trait linked to high intelligence. Only humans, great apes, dolphins, and a few birds share this ability.
It matters because self-awareness suggests complex thinking and emotional depth. It challenges outdated ideas that only humans possess advanced consciousness.
Recognizing elephant intelligence has influenced conservation ethics and animal welfare laws. The smarter we know them to be, the harder it is to justify mistreatment.
In one study, an elephant repeatedly adjusted her posture to get a better view of herself. Researchers called the behavior “deliberate and unmistakable.”
Smithsonian National Zoo (nationalzoo.si.edu)