Valley Ritual Feasting Evidence Suggests Centralized Surplus Redistribution Around 2300 BCE

Large refuse deposits at Norte Chico sites indicate organized communal feasting supported by centralized surplus.

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Archaeologists often reconstruct ancient social organization through analysis of food refuse deposits.

Archaeological excavations at Caral and nearby settlements uncovered concentrated refuse deposits containing fish bones and plant remains. These accumulations suggest organized feasting events around 2300 BCE. Such gatherings would require surplus accumulation and coordinated distribution. Feasting reinforces social hierarchy while redistributing resources. Institutional leaders likely sponsored ceremonial consumption. Public meals strengthened allegiance. Surplus became spectacle. Consumption signaled cohesion.

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Centralized feasting systems demonstrate redistributive governance. Public consumption events reinforce political legitimacy. Institutional control over food surplus strengthens authority. Norte Chico’s ritual feasting highlights economic coordination beyond subsistence. Shared meals bind communities. Redistribution becomes ritualized. Power is edible.

For participants, communal feasts reinforced belonging and hierarchy simultaneously. The psychological effect of collective eating fosters unity. Observing leaders sponsor abundance strengthens loyalty. The irony is that fish bones in ancient trash heaps now illuminate governance structures from 4,000 years ago. Waste preserves policy.

Source

Encyclopaedia Britannica – Archaeology

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