Xerias Valley Surveys Show Agricultural Retrenchment After 1200 BCE Mycenaean Collapse

Archaeological surveys in the Xerias Valley document reduced field systems following the destruction of Mycenaean palace centers.

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Linear B tablets from Pylos record thousands of sheep and grain allocations, illustrating the scale of pre-collapse agricultural management.

Field surveys in regions such as the Xerias Valley reveal contraction of large-scale agricultural installations after 1200 BCE. Storage facilities associated with palatial redistribution decline sharply. Ceramic evidence shows continuity but in smaller rural contexts. The disappearance of centralized oversight reduced capacity for coordinated irrigation and surplus management. Grain taxation recorded in Linear B tablets ceased with palace destruction. Agricultural retrenchment reflects economic decentralization. Population likely shifted toward subsistence farming. Landscape archaeology confirms structural adjustment rather than total abandonment. Economic scale narrowed significantly.

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Agricultural contraction reshaped regional economies. Loss of surplus weakened trade leverage. Decentralized farming reduced dependency on long-distance exchange. Political fragmentation altered labor obligations. Redistribution systems collapsed alongside bureaucratic archives. Environmental adaptation replaced imperial expansion. Scale reduction increased resilience but limited growth.

For farming households, reduced oversight meant greater autonomy and fewer rations from centralized stores. The irony is that smaller scale improved survivability. Monumental grain accounts vanished, but subsistence endured. Fields contracted, yet life persisted. Decline transformed rather than erased agriculture.

Source

Encyclopaedia Britannica

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