Xanadu-like Luxury in Harappan Houses Shows Advanced Domestic Planning

Residential layouts in Indus cities included private wells, bathrooms, and multi-room planning indicative of sophisticated domestic design.

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Some Mohenjo-daro houses contained bathing platforms similar to modern bathrooms, over 4,500 years ago.

Houses in Mohenjo-daro and Harappa were often two-story with multiple rooms, private courtyards, and access to water via wells. Some units had bathing facilities connected to covered drains. The organization of interior space reflects attention to privacy, hygiene, and family life. Standardized brick construction facilitated replication across neighborhoods. Residential density required urban regulation and coordination. Water management integrated into domestic architecture. Urban sophistication extended beyond public monuments into everyday life. Functional planning enhanced health and social cohesion. Domestic space mirrored civic priorities.

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Advanced domestic layouts indicate concern for hygiene, privacy, and social organization. Standardized construction supports economic regulation and labor coordination. Urban planning balanced public infrastructure with residential needs. Housing reflected civic values. Domestic investment reinforced population stability. Private and public utility intertwined. City life depended on domestic efficiency.

For inhabitants, daily routines were structured by architecture and water access. The irony lies in how ordinary houses showcase engineering sophistication as much as monumental structures. Civilization is lived at home as much as in public squares. Harappan design integrated life and system.

Source

Encyclopaedia Britannica - Mohenjo-daro

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