Bhirrana Early Settlement Layers Show Agricultural Organization Before 5000 BCE

Archaeologists found evidence of systematic farming and village organization at Bhirrana more than 7,000 years ago.

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🤯 Did You Know (click to read)

Bhirrana is one of the earliest sites showing continuous pre-Harappan occupation in the Indus region.

Excavations at Bhirrana, Haryana, reveal stratified layers indicating early agrarian settlements dating to before 5000 BCE. Plowed fields, storage pits, and irrigation channels suggest coordinated crop management. Pottery and tools display continuity and standardization across multiple occupation phases. The settlement’s organization supports communal planning and resource allocation. Farming focused on wheat, barley, and pulses. Early administrative oversight is implied by standardized measurement artifacts. The evidence indicates complex socio-economic organization predating urban Harappan centers. Agricultural stability underpinned subsequent population growth and urbanization. Civilization evolved incrementally from rural coordination.

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💥 Impact (click to read)

Early agricultural organization provides foundation for urban expansion. Standardized farming practices enable surplus, trade, and craft specialization. Resource management reflects governance structures. Social cohesion is reinforced through shared labor and coordination. Long-term settlement continuity supports technological innovation. Early villages create economic and demographic base for later cities. Agricultural planning anticipates urbanization.

For farmers, organization allowed stable production and social integration. The irony lies in how early villages contain seeds of city complexity. Civilization’s roots are agrarian and strategic. Long-term planning predates monumental construction.

Source

Encyclopaedia Britannica - Bhirrana

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