Xerographic Tablet Firing at Hattusa Accidentally Preserved Imperial Archives in 1200 BCE

When Hattusa burned around 1200 BCE, the fire that destroyed the city permanently hardened thousands of state records.

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🤯 Did You Know (click to read)

The Boghazkoi archive, discovered in the early 20th century, was central to identifying Hittite as an Indo-European language.

Archaeological evidence indicates that Hattusa was abandoned and burned during the widespread upheavals of the late 13th to early 12th century BCE. Many administrative tablets stored in palace and temple archives were originally sun-dried clay. The intense heat from the city’s destruction effectively kiln-fired these tablets, transforming them into durable ceramic. Without this accidental firing, exposure to moisture would likely have erased much of the record. The preserved archive includes treaties, laws, diplomatic letters, and ritual texts spanning centuries. Modern knowledge of the Hittite Empire depends heavily on this unintended preservation event. Catastrophe created continuity. Fire became historian.

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💥 Impact (click to read)

Systemically, the survival of these archives reshaped understanding of Late Bronze Age geopolitics. Primary documentation enabled reconstruction of administrative systems and diplomatic networks. Linguistic decipherment of Hittite relied on preserved tablets. Institutional memory endured beyond political collapse. Archaeological preservation often hinges on destructive episodes. Knowledge of empire depends on material survival. Destruction paradoxically secured documentation.

For the inhabitants of Hattusa, the fire signaled crisis and displacement. For modern scholars, it ensured discovery. The same flames that ended a capital safeguarded its voice. Tragedy hardened memory into clay. History survived because the city did not.

Source

UNESCO Memory of the World - Boghazkoy Tablets

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